Department of English,
M. K. Bhavnagar University
Name :- Mansi Upadhyay
Roll No :- 18
Email Id :- mansiupadhyay06@gmail.com
Department :-M. A.English department
Submitted to :- Dr. Prof. Dilip Barad
(Head of English Dept. M.K. Bhavanagar University)
Semester :- 2
Paper No :- 7 ( Literary Theory and Criticism 2 ( 20th Century western and Indian poetics)
Assignment Topic :- Short note : Vakrokti , Riti , And Auchitya.
Preface:
Indian poems are based on Sanskrit poetry. Sanskrit poetry developed in all directions, like " Ramayana " and " Mahabharata ". Ramayana is written by "Valmiki" as the first poem in Sanskrit. Ramayana is not only hard work of valmiki but also composition of many different things. This way Mahabharata ,Slokas , Parvas , Vedas , Upnishadas are also very important in literature.
In Indian Poetic Bharatmuni ,Panini, Kalidas, Kuntaka , Bhamaha and many other great poets who wrote about the history and about the culture of India. In the sense of poetry means both type of meanings - to be read, to be heard and drama which is to be seen.here poetic of Indian form in that first In SANSKRIT languge Poem divived to many forms and that some Holy book and popular of in Sanskrit language Namely Was ‘KAVASHASTRA’ in this book poem divide regarded as :
In this chart we saw that many poet use of own language of literal work of form and creative works of them writing of poetry. Here every in part of poetry which organize of own main characteristics of own fingers.
Categorize Indian poetic theory very important and useful to us understanding of Indianpoetic. Every form and construct of very inserting finding of literary poet of poetry and play or drama. Herecatalog of central idea of every branch development of them:
Here many source evolution of theory and many typesformatting of poetic construct of literacy text and words. What is basic structure of poem that found many branches of literature?In this branches are not only divide to get oppositemeanings but main aim they have been put of different way to poem’s heart and poetry meanings.In chiefly six branches are very famous of literature and that theory was very useful to understating to history were how to create of over poet define various type poetry.
Indian poetics creation time many concepts like which establishment on that time. Indian poetry and Indian literature in general, has a long history dating back to Vedic times. They were written in various Indian languagessuch as Vedic Sanskrit,Classical Sanskrit. Poetry in foreign languages such asSanskrit and English also has a strong influence on Indian poetry. The poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India. In particular, many Indian poets have been inspired by mystical experiences.Poetry is the oldest form of literature and has a rich written and oral tradition.Indian aesthetics is a vast field. Any attempt to discuss it in such a brief space as this can only be sketchy and deal with the broad tendencies. Hence, here I have only attempted to give its brief overview with reference to major trends. Many Theory Growth in medieval day. They classified regards …
Short note:- Vakrokti, Riti And Auchitya.
1) Vakrokti:-
Vakrokti is also a part of language of literature. Vakrokti has special importance in literature not only as a separately but also as a important special element.
" Kuntaka " is known as the originator of the - Vakrokti school. He worked on his " Vakroktijivitam ".
Vakrokti is the most misunderstood and misinterpretation one. It means striking ness in word and meaning of Vakrokti is :- Vakrokti :- Vakra + Ukti
Vakra :- Crooked indirect or unique.
Ukti :- Poetic expression or speech
Here in Vakrokti " Six Gunas " ( Qualities ) are identified inliterary style.
1. Aucitya
2. Saubhagya
3. Madhurya
4. Prasada
5. Lavanya
6. Abhijatya
Example :-
There is an example of the famous play " Mudrarakshasa " by " Vishakhadatta " discussed a very sharply Vakrokti speech by Shiva , when one day in the morning he comes a home with Ganga on his head to the utter concentration of Parvati. He is caught on the wrong foot by the jealousy. As a wife Parvati asks him questions and Shiva gives replies very meaningfull.
Parvati :- Who is this blesses damsel on your crest ?
Shiva :- Shashikala ( Crescent of moon or lady's name )
Parvati :- Ohh !!!!! is that the name of the lady ???
Shiva :- surely !!! How is it you have forgotten her name?
Parvati :- My query is about the lady and not the moon.
Shiva :- Let then Vijaya , the lady in attendence reply and not the moon.
2) Riti
The riti School of poetics is represented fully by its chief exponent Vamana, author of kavyalankar sutravritti, who flourished in Kashmirtowards the close of the eight century A.D.Vanmna says in Kavyalankar books write about Riti :-
ivi=Q4a pdrcna irit‰ a ivi=qo g8oTma a
when dhvni theory’s anandvardhayan defined of poem soul is Dhavni that time Vamna oppositely put on view about own fillings and describe that guna and almakara is toytally different of each other. Vamana's riti is anticipated in the marga of the south Indian writer Dandi, author of kavyadarsha. The distinctions between the vaidarbha style and the gaudya style was known even to Bhamasha , the earliestimportant writer who was in against of praising the vaidarbha and condemning the gaudya , and said that both style have their own place in good literature.But in Dandin we find the earlier partiality for vaidarbha and aversion to gaudiya given great prominence. He takes the vaidarbha style as the best and says that it contains all ten poetics qualities properly balanced. Those ten qualities are: -
1. Ojas: strength through the use of long compounds
2. Prasad: clarity & lucidity
3. Shlesha: well knittedness
4. Samata: evenness of sound within a line
5. Samadhi: ambivalence through the use of metaphors
6. Madhurya: sweetness
7. Sukamarata: softness & delicacy
8. Udaratva: exaltation
9. Arthavyakti: lucidity of meaning
10. Kanti: grace
Vamana took the ten gunas of Bharata and Dandi but hr traced all gunas separately as belonging to the expression and as belonging to the meaning thus masking their number twenty. He defined them in his own way to suit his theory of Riti and stated that at the gunas existed clearly and fully in the Vaidarbha riti which only a few of them exited in other ritis.
To the early styles vaidarbha and gaudiya style of ancient writers. Vamana added a third one called Panchali all these are geographical names and suggest the style popular in those regions and he defines these ritis in his own way:
i. Vaidarbha: According to vamana vaidarbha is that style which is untouched by even the slightest blemish, which is full of all the qualities and which is a scoot as the lute.
ii. Gaudiya style: the gaudiya style is characterized by Ojas and Kanti but it devoid of madhurya and saukumaryo it is full of long compound and bombastic words.
iii. Panchali : panchali is the style which has the qualities of Madhurya and saukumarya and is devoid of ojas and kanti. It is soft and resemble the puranic style
In their all of over things like that very interesting way of vamanna explain that how can poet make in common to different way of thinking. The Riti School developed by vamana was a serious attempt in this direction on all later critics.There theory is also useful to poetic version of totally depend not on one things but many things and some abstract is
very important Role of model.
3) Auchitya :
Ksemendra made ‘Auchitya’ the defines Auchitya as the property of an expression being an exact and appropriate analogue of the expressed. The theory of property or appropriateness claims that in all aspect of literary composition. There is the possibility of a perfect, the, most appropriate choice of subject, of ideas, of words, of devices as such, it has affinities with Longinus’s theory of the sublime.
The concept of propriety with reference to custom, subject, characters and sentiment recourse in almost all theorists and is often discussed in association with figures of speech, guan, dosa and rites.
Acharya Ksemendra was main founder of this theory and his books ‘AUCHITYAVICHARCHRCHA’ that his acceptable of ‘Poem Atama’s as a Achitya’ and also writes that’s defined of like:
AOicTy rsi3#3Sy iS9rkarSy «ittm\ a
That means poetry should be made by vastu,rasa,dhvani,and all over things were important but only for appreciable Achitya. If the poetry repentance of without almakara, guna, that not for good qualities but very poor things of reproduce.Anandavardhana relates this principle specifically to rasa. It has been used for propriety in delineating bhavas according to character and in the choice of margas.
According to the speaker, content and type of literary composition areas, locations or sites of literary compositions where the concept of Auchitya is pertinent.
TO Sum up:
Finally, there are all theory properly their condition may be true and right of his way through writing of literature. Indian poetics in such concepts of very valuable tools of evolution of work of art and some other related things. Here most important that we are not evolution to only for in one theory. All of theorist has right and true of his own view and poetry and literature creator got idea that all over theory possible to use of most kind of work.
Thank you
M. K. Bhavnagar University
Name :- Mansi Upadhyay
Roll No :- 18
Email Id :- mansiupadhyay06@gmail.com
Department :-M. A.English department
Submitted to :- Dr. Prof. Dilip Barad
(Head of English Dept. M.K. Bhavanagar University)
Semester :- 2
Paper No :- 7 ( Literary Theory and Criticism 2 ( 20th Century western and Indian poetics)
Assignment Topic :- Short note : Vakrokti , Riti , And Auchitya.
Preface:
Indian poems are based on Sanskrit poetry. Sanskrit poetry developed in all directions, like " Ramayana " and " Mahabharata ". Ramayana is written by "Valmiki" as the first poem in Sanskrit. Ramayana is not only hard work of valmiki but also composition of many different things. This way Mahabharata ,Slokas , Parvas , Vedas , Upnishadas are also very important in literature.
In Indian Poetic Bharatmuni ,Panini, Kalidas, Kuntaka , Bhamaha and many other great poets who wrote about the history and about the culture of India. In the sense of poetry means both type of meanings - to be read, to be heard and drama which is to be seen.here poetic of Indian form in that first In SANSKRIT languge Poem divived to many forms and that some Holy book and popular of in Sanskrit language Namely Was ‘KAVASHASTRA’ in this book poem divide regarded as :
In this chart we saw that many poet use of own language of literal work of form and creative works of them writing of poetry. Here every in part of poetry which organize of own main characteristics of own fingers.
Categorize Indian poetic theory very important and useful to us understanding of Indianpoetic. Every form and construct of very inserting finding of literary poet of poetry and play or drama. Herecatalog of central idea of every branch development of them:
Here many source evolution of theory and many typesformatting of poetic construct of literacy text and words. What is basic structure of poem that found many branches of literature?In this branches are not only divide to get oppositemeanings but main aim they have been put of different way to poem’s heart and poetry meanings.In chiefly six branches are very famous of literature and that theory was very useful to understating to history were how to create of over poet define various type poetry.
Indian poetics creation time many concepts like which establishment on that time. Indian poetry and Indian literature in general, has a long history dating back to Vedic times. They were written in various Indian languagessuch as Vedic Sanskrit,Classical Sanskrit. Poetry in foreign languages such asSanskrit and English also has a strong influence on Indian poetry. The poetry reflects diverse spiritual traditions within India. In particular, many Indian poets have been inspired by mystical experiences.Poetry is the oldest form of literature and has a rich written and oral tradition.Indian aesthetics is a vast field. Any attempt to discuss it in such a brief space as this can only be sketchy and deal with the broad tendencies. Hence, here I have only attempted to give its brief overview with reference to major trends. Many Theory Growth in medieval day. They classified regards …
Short note:- Vakrokti, Riti And Auchitya.
1) Vakrokti:-
Vakrokti is also a part of language of literature. Vakrokti has special importance in literature not only as a separately but also as a important special element.
" Kuntaka " is known as the originator of the - Vakrokti school. He worked on his " Vakroktijivitam ".
Vakrokti is the most misunderstood and misinterpretation one. It means striking ness in word and meaning of Vakrokti is :- Vakrokti :- Vakra + Ukti
Vakra :- Crooked indirect or unique.
Ukti :- Poetic expression or speech
Here in Vakrokti " Six Gunas " ( Qualities ) are identified inliterary style.
1. Aucitya
2. Saubhagya
3. Madhurya
4. Prasada
5. Lavanya
6. Abhijatya
Example :-
There is an example of the famous play " Mudrarakshasa " by " Vishakhadatta " discussed a very sharply Vakrokti speech by Shiva , when one day in the morning he comes a home with Ganga on his head to the utter concentration of Parvati. He is caught on the wrong foot by the jealousy. As a wife Parvati asks him questions and Shiva gives replies very meaningfull.
Parvati :- Who is this blesses damsel on your crest ?
Shiva :- Shashikala ( Crescent of moon or lady's name )
Parvati :- Ohh !!!!! is that the name of the lady ???
Shiva :- surely !!! How is it you have forgotten her name?
Parvati :- My query is about the lady and not the moon.
Shiva :- Let then Vijaya , the lady in attendence reply and not the moon.
2) Riti
The riti School of poetics is represented fully by its chief exponent Vamana, author of kavyalankar sutravritti, who flourished in Kashmirtowards the close of the eight century A.D.Vanmna says in Kavyalankar books write about Riti :-
ivi=Q4a pdrcna irit‰ a ivi=qo g8oTma a
when dhvni theory’s anandvardhayan defined of poem soul is Dhavni that time Vamna oppositely put on view about own fillings and describe that guna and almakara is toytally different of each other. Vamana's riti is anticipated in the marga of the south Indian writer Dandi, author of kavyadarsha. The distinctions between the vaidarbha style and the gaudya style was known even to Bhamasha , the earliestimportant writer who was in against of praising the vaidarbha and condemning the gaudya , and said that both style have their own place in good literature.But in Dandin we find the earlier partiality for vaidarbha and aversion to gaudiya given great prominence. He takes the vaidarbha style as the best and says that it contains all ten poetics qualities properly balanced. Those ten qualities are: -
1. Ojas: strength through the use of long compounds
2. Prasad: clarity & lucidity
3. Shlesha: well knittedness
4. Samata: evenness of sound within a line
5. Samadhi: ambivalence through the use of metaphors
6. Madhurya: sweetness
7. Sukamarata: softness & delicacy
8. Udaratva: exaltation
9. Arthavyakti: lucidity of meaning
10. Kanti: grace
Vamana took the ten gunas of Bharata and Dandi but hr traced all gunas separately as belonging to the expression and as belonging to the meaning thus masking their number twenty. He defined them in his own way to suit his theory of Riti and stated that at the gunas existed clearly and fully in the Vaidarbha riti which only a few of them exited in other ritis.
To the early styles vaidarbha and gaudiya style of ancient writers. Vamana added a third one called Panchali all these are geographical names and suggest the style popular in those regions and he defines these ritis in his own way:
i. Vaidarbha: According to vamana vaidarbha is that style which is untouched by even the slightest blemish, which is full of all the qualities and which is a scoot as the lute.
ii. Gaudiya style: the gaudiya style is characterized by Ojas and Kanti but it devoid of madhurya and saukumaryo it is full of long compound and bombastic words.
iii. Panchali : panchali is the style which has the qualities of Madhurya and saukumarya and is devoid of ojas and kanti. It is soft and resemble the puranic style
In their all of over things like that very interesting way of vamanna explain that how can poet make in common to different way of thinking. The Riti School developed by vamana was a serious attempt in this direction on all later critics.There theory is also useful to poetic version of totally depend not on one things but many things and some abstract is
very important Role of model.
3) Auchitya :
Ksemendra made ‘Auchitya’ the defines Auchitya as the property of an expression being an exact and appropriate analogue of the expressed. The theory of property or appropriateness claims that in all aspect of literary composition. There is the possibility of a perfect, the, most appropriate choice of subject, of ideas, of words, of devices as such, it has affinities with Longinus’s theory of the sublime.
The concept of propriety with reference to custom, subject, characters and sentiment recourse in almost all theorists and is often discussed in association with figures of speech, guan, dosa and rites.
Acharya Ksemendra was main founder of this theory and his books ‘AUCHITYAVICHARCHRCHA’ that his acceptable of ‘Poem Atama’s as a Achitya’ and also writes that’s defined of like:
AOicTy rsi3#3Sy iS9rkarSy «ittm\ a
That means poetry should be made by vastu,rasa,dhvani,and all over things were important but only for appreciable Achitya. If the poetry repentance of without almakara, guna, that not for good qualities but very poor things of reproduce.Anandavardhana relates this principle specifically to rasa. It has been used for propriety in delineating bhavas according to character and in the choice of margas.
According to the speaker, content and type of literary composition areas, locations or sites of literary compositions where the concept of Auchitya is pertinent.
TO Sum up:
Finally, there are all theory properly their condition may be true and right of his way through writing of literature. Indian poetics in such concepts of very valuable tools of evolution of work of art and some other related things. Here most important that we are not evolution to only for in one theory. All of theorist has right and true of his own view and poetry and literature creator got idea that all over theory possible to use of most kind of work.
Thank you
No comments:
Post a Comment